Assessing the critical period of weed interference in groundnut Arachis hypogaea L. in Ogun State, south western Nigeria
Keywords:
canopy spread, groundnut, pod yield, weed infestation, yield lossAbstract
The critical period of weed interference in groundnut was investigated in 2018 and 2019 early cropping seasons at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. The experiment consisted of ten treatments arranged in a randomized complete block design and replicated three times. Treatments includes keeping plots weed free initially for 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 weeks after planting (WAP) and keeping plots weed infested initially for 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 WAP. Data collected on weed cover score, weed dry matter production, crop vigour score, canopy spread, pod yield and numbers were subjected to analysis of variance and treatment means were separated using least significant difference at P ≤ 0.05. The results showed that total weed dry matter production increased with weed infestation period and decreased with weed free period. Also, there was significant increase in pod yield and count when plots were kept weed free for 6 WAP and more. Our findings showed that, the highest percent weed accumulation, weed removal, pod yield loss and pod yield gain all occured between 3 and 6 WAP. Therefore, the critical period of weed interference in groundnut is between 3 and 6 WAP. Also, there was 83.4% pod yield loss in groundnut when weed was allowed to compete freely with the crop throught crop life cycle.
References
Adhikary, P., Patra, P. S. and Ghosh, R. (2016). Influence of weed management on growth and yield of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) in Gangetic plains of West Bengal. Legume Res., 39(2):274-78.
Bhalerao, S.N., Shaikh, A.R., Romade, B.D. and Landge, S.A. (2011). Impact source of treatments on yield performance of Groundnut. Advance Research Journal of Crop Improvement 2: 15-17.
Briend, A. (2001). Highly nutrient-dense spreads: a new approach to delivering multiple micronutrients to high-risk groups. Br J Nutr 85:175
El Naim, A. M., Eldoma, M, A. and Abdulla, A. E. (2010). Effect of weeding frequencies and plant density on the vegetative growth characteristic in Groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) in North Kordofan of Sudan. International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology, 1(3), pp1118 - 1193.
Everman, W.J., Clewis, S.B., Thomas, W.E., Burke, I.C. and Wilcut, J.W. (2007). Critical period of weed interference in peanut. Weed Technology. 22(1): 63-67.
Everaarts, A.P. (1992). Effects of competition with weeds on growth, development and yield of groundnut. Netherland J. Agric. Sci., 4 (1): 73-90.
Everman, W. J., Burke, I.C., Clewis, S.B., Thomas, W.E. and Wilcut. J.W (2008). Critical period of grass versus broadleaf weed interference in peanut. Weed Technol. 22:63–67.
Guchi, E. (2015). Contamination in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Caused by Aspergillus Species in Ethiopia. Journal of Applied & Environmental Microbiology, 3 (1), pp 11-19.
Jat, R. S, Meena, H. N., Singh, A.L., Surya, J. N. and Misra, J. B. (2011). Weed management in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in India. Agric Rev., 32(3):155-71.
Khan, M., Ashari, M. and Siraj, U. D. (2004). Chemical control of weeds in soybeans. Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research, 10(3-4), 2004, 161-168
Korav, S., Ram, V., RAY, L.I.P., Krishnappa, R., Singh, N.J. and Premaradhya, N. (2018). Weed Pressure on Growth and Yield of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Meghalaya, India. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci (2018) 7(3): 2852-2858
Kombiok, J. M., Buah, S.S.J., Dzomeku, I. K. and Abdulai, H. (2012). Sources of Pod Yield Losses in Groundnut in the Northern Savanna Zone of Ghana. West African Journal of Applied Ecology, 20(2), p56.
Korav, S., Ram, V. and RAY, L.I.P. (2020). Critical period for crop-weed competition in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under mid altitude of Meghalaya. Journal of Crop and Weed, 16(1): 217-222 (2020)
Mavarkar, N. S., Gandhi, M. M., Nandish, M. N., Nagaraj, R. and Sridhara, C. J. (2015). Effect of weed management practices on yield, weed control efficiency, weed index and economics in summer groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Sri Lanka J. Food and Ag. 1(1):51-56.
Opeke, L. K. (2006). Essential of crop farming. Spectrum Book Limited. Spectrum house Ring Road, Ibadan, 2006, pp. 81-84
Olayinka, B.U and Etejere, E.O. (2015). Growth analysis and yield of two varieties of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) as influenced by different weed control methods. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology 20(2): 130-136.
Osunleti, S.O., Olorunmaiye, P.M., Olatunde, E.O. and Osunleti, T.O. (2021). Influence of period of weed interference and age of pepper (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Cayenne pepper) seedlings on pepper fruit quality and marketability, International Journal of Pest Management, http://doi.org/10.1080/09670874.2021.1995794
Paulo E. M., Kasai, F.S. and Carichioli, J.C. (2001). Effect of weed competition periods on peanut II. Wet season crop. Bragantia, 60, 27-33.
Revoredo, C. L. and Fletcher, S. (2002) World peanut market: an overview of the past 30 years. Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences the University of Georgia, Athens, GA
Singh, K., Kaur, T., Bhullar, M.S. and Brar, A.S. (2016). The Critical period for weed control in spring maize in North-West India. Maydica electronic publication 1-61.
Webster, T. M., Faircloth, W. H., Flanders, J. T., Prostko, E. P. and Grey, T. L. (2007). The critical period of Bengal dayflower (Commelina bengalensis) control in peanut. Weed Science, 55(4), 359–364. Retrieved 02/03/2015 from: http://doi.org/10.1614/Ws-06-181.1
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Samuel Osunleti, Ayodeji Ajani, Opeyemi Olaogun, Temitope Osunleti, Elizabeth Olatunde
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
