Forage yield and quality of vetch-triticale and pea-triticale mixtures under Moroccan conditions
Keywords:
Legumes-triticale intercrops, triticale, vetch, pea, forage qualityAbstract
In order to investigate forage yield and quality of vetch-triticale and pea-triticale intercrops, two years study was carried out at two locations under rainfed Moroccan conditions, considering three seeding ratios (25:75, 50:50 and 75:25). Results showed that intercrops yielded 46 and 52% higher than vetch and pea monocrops, while they produced 16 and 24% lower than sole triticale. Vetch-triticale intercrops out-yielded pea-triticale mixture by 11% in both locations. Within legume-triticale intercrops, forage yield increase when vetch and pea represented 25 and 50% of seeding ratios; and decreased when the legume ratio increased to 75%. The relative yield of individual species and mixtures increased when legume ratio increased at sowing. Vetch-triticale intercrops had conflictual relationships at SEA, while pea-triticale intercrops at 50 and 75% of legume ratios, developed beneficial relations at both locations. Furthermore, intercrops affected positively forage quality at higher legumes ratios. Protein yield from vetch-triticale mixtures was significantly higher than that of pea-triticale intercrops. It was increased by 43 and 12% respectively compared to sole triticale. NDF ADF and ADL decreased when legumes proportions increased in the harvested forage. Similar trend was noticed for digestibility, dry matter intake (DMI), total digestible nutrients (TDN) and relative feed value (RFV). All of these quality parameters were improved when legume ratios were beyond 25%.
References
A.O.A.C. (1980). Official Methods of Analysis. 13th ed. Washington D. C.: Association of Official Analytical Chemists.
Albayrak, S. et al. (2004). Effects of seed rates on forage production and hay quality of vetch triticale mixtures. Asian journal of plant Sciences, 3 (6), 752-756. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajps.2004.752.756
Andersen, M. K. et al. (2007) Competition for and utilisation of sulfur in sole and intercrops of pea and barley. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 77, 143-153. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-006-9053-7
Bedoussac, L. (2009). Analysis of the functioning of the performance of durum wheat-winter pea and durum wheat-winter bean combinations for the design of technical itineraries adapted to different production objectives in low-input systems. PhD thesis, Polytechnic National Institute, France, Toulouse, 238 pages. (In French). https://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7855/1/bedoussac.pdf
Bingol, N. T. et al. (2007). The effects of planting time and combination on the nutrient composition and digestible dry matter yield of four mixtures of vetch varieties intercropped with barley. Journal of Veterinary Animal Science, 31, 297-302. https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/veterinary/vol31/iss5/3
Bremner, J.M. (1965). Total nitrogen. In: Norman, A.G., Ed. Madison, WI : American Society of Agronomy. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr9.2.c32
Caballero, R. et al. (1995). Forage yields and quality of common vetch and oat sown at varying seeding ratios and seeding rates of common vetch. Field Crops Research, 41, 135-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(94)00114-R
Carnide, V. et al. (1998). Forage yield and quality of triticale vetch mixtures. In Juskiw, eds. Proc. Fourth International Triticale Symposium, Red Deer, Alberta, Canada.
Castro, M.P. et al. (2000). Effects of seedling rates of oats (Avena sativa L), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and common vetch (vicia sativa L) on the yield, botanic composition and nutritive value of the mixture. CIHEAM-Options Mediterraneennes, 10 (45), 207-211. http://om.ciheam.org/om/pdf/c45/00600198.pdf
Chen, C. et al. (2004). Row configuration and nitrogen application for barley-pea intercropping in Montana. Agronomy Journal, 96, 1730-1738. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2004.1730
Dhima, K.V. et al. (2007). Competition indices of common vetch and cereal intercrops in two seeding ratio. Field Crops Research, 100, 249-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2006.07.008
Eskandari, H. et al. (2009). Intercropping of cereals and legumes for forage production. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 1 (1) , 7-13. https://doi.org/10.15835/nsb113479
Fustec, J. (2010). Nitrogen rhizodeposition of legumes. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 30, 57-66. https://doi.org/10.1051/agro/2009003
Gebrehiwot, L. et al. (2009). Forage yield and quality profile of three annual legumes in the tropical highlands of Ethiopia. Journal of Agriculture, 7, 83-98. https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201302863569
Giacomini, S.J. et al. (2003). Dry matter, C/N ratio and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation in mixed soil cover crops in Southern Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo , 27, 325-334. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-06832003000200012
Hauggaard-Nielsen, H. & Jensen, E. S. (2001). Evaluating pea and barley cultivars for complementarity in intercropping at different levels of soil N availability. Field Crops Research, 72(3), 185-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4290(01)00176-9
Horrocks, R.D. & Vallentine, J. F. (1999). Harvested Forages. 1st edition. London, UK : Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-356255-5.X5022-6
Kokten, K. et al. (2009). Effects of seeding rate on forage yield and quality of vetch (vicia satica)-triticale (triticosecale wittm) mixtures under east Mediterranean rainfed conditions. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8 (20), 5367-5372. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajb/article/view/65975
Launay, M. et al. (2009) Exploring options for managing strategies for pea-barley intercropping using a modeling approach. European Journal of Agronomy, 31, 85-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2009.04.002
Lauriault, L. & Kirskey, R. E. (2004). Yield and nutritive value of irrigated cereal forage grass-legume intercrops in the southern high plains, USA. Agronomy Journal, 96, 352-358. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2004.3520
Lithourgidis, A.S. et al. (2006). Forage yield and quality of common vetch mixtures with oat and triticale in two seeding ratios. Field Crops Research, 99, 106–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2006.03.008
Onduru, D.D. & Du Preez, C.C. (2007). Ecological and agroeconomic study of small farms in sub-Saharan Africa. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 27, 197-208. https://doi.org/10.1051/agro:2007003
Pereira-Crespo, S., et al. (2010). Effects of seeding rates and harvest date on forage yield and nutritive value of pea-triticale intercropping. Options Méditerranéennes, 13 (92), 215-218. http://om.ciheam.org/om/pdf/a92/00801245.pdf
Sadeghpour, A. et al. (2014). Forage yield and quality of barley-annual medic intercrops in semi-arid environments. International Journal of Plant Production, 8(1), 77-89. https://doi.org/10.22069/IJPP.2014.1373
Tuna, C. & Orak, A. (2007). The role of intercropping on yield potential of common vetch (vicia sativa L)/oat (Avena sativa L) cultivated in pure stand and mixtures. Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 2, 14-19. https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201300882582
Ullah, M. A. (2010). Forage production in panicum grass-legumes intercropping by combining geometrical configuration, inoculation and fertilizer under rainfed conditions. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Kassel. https://www.uni-kassel.de/ub/?id=39129&s=978-3-89958-890-3
Van Soest, P. J. (1967). Use of detergents in the analysis of fibrous feeds. II. A rapid method for the determination of fiber and lignin. Journal of Association of Offical Analytical Chemists. 461963b829835
Vasilakoglou, I. B. et al. (2005). Assessing common vetch-cereal intercrops for suppression of wild oat. Proceeding of 13th International Symposium, Session S5 European Weed Research. Society, Bari, Italy.
Yucel, C.& Avci, M. (2009). Effect of different ratios of common vetch (vicia sativa l.) – triticale (triticosecalewhatt) mixtures on forage yields and quality in Cukurova plain in turkey. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 15, 323-332. https://www.agrojournal.org/15/04-08-09.pdf
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Rajae Kallida, Nadia Benbrahim, Fatima Gaboun, Mohammed Ibriz
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
